<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">grekov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4625</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, FSBEI HE I.P.Pavlov SPbSMU MOH Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/0042-4625-2021-180-6-96-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">grekov-1915</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение эффективности плановых релапаротомий и релапаротомий «по требованию» у больных распространенным вторичным перитонитом (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparison of the effectiveness of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies in patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis (review of literature)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4556-4913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сигуа</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sigua</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сигуа Бадри Валериевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры факультетской хирургии им. И. И. Грекова.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sigua Badri V. - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after I. I. Grekov.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">badri.sigua@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7368-5926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Земляной</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemlyanoy</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Земляной Вячеслав Петрович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой факультетской хирургии им. И. И. Грекова.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav P. - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after I. I. Grekova.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">decsurg@maps.spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9762-9854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котков</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotkov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котков Павел Александрович - кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры факультетской хирургии им. И. И. Грекова.</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kotkov Pavel A. - Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after I. I. Grekova.</p><p>41, Kirochnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kotkovdr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6615-3005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатенко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатенко Виктор Анатольевич - соискатель кафедры факультетской хирургии им. И. И. Грекова.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ignatenko Viktor A. - Applicant of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after I. I. Grekova.</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vik266@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования&#13;
«Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И. И. Мечникова»&#13;
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>180</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сигуа Б.В., Земляной В.П., Котков П.А., Игнатенко В.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сигуа Б.В., Земляной В.П., Котков П.А., Игнатенко В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sigua B.V., Zemlyanoy V.P., Kotkov P.A., Ignatenko V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/1915">https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/1915</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Основным компонентом лечения больных распространенным вторичным перитонитом является хирургическое вмешательство, направленное на контроль источника инфекции. В ряде случаев однократного вмешательства оказывается недостаточно для эффективной санации брюшной полости, что требует проведения релапаротомий. Общепринятый подход к срокам и порядку проведения таких вмешательств на настоящий момент отсутствует.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Провести сравнительный анализ ближайших результатов лечения больных распространенным вторичным перитонитом с применением стратегий плановых релапаротомий и релапаротомий «по требованию».</p></sec><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ. Критериями включения в обзор были рандомизированные и когортные контролируемые исследования, посвященные сравнению эффективности плановых и релапаротомий «по требованию» в лечении распространенного вторичного перитонита. Поиск первоисточников, сравнивающих результаты применения указанных хирургических стратегий у взрослых пациентов, осуществляли по базам данных «CENTRAL», «MEDLINE», «Scopus» и «eLibrary». Два автора обзора независимо оценивали исследования на предмет включения в соответствии с заявленными критериями приемлемости с последующим извлечением данных. Методологическое качество рандомизированных исследований оценивали с применением Кокрейновского инструмента оценки риска смещения, нерандомизированных – с помощью русскоязычной версии шкалы Newcastle – Ottawa. Возникавшие разногласия решали путем проведения дискуссий.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В обзор вошли одно рандомизированное контролируемое испытание согласно критериям включения, а также 16 нерандомизированных когортных исследований с общим числом участников 3672 (1835 и 1837 больных, перенесших плановые релапаротомии и релапаротомии «по требованию» соответственно). С учетом значительной статистической гетерогенности включенных исследований (χ2=119,2, df=16, p&lt;0,00001, I2=87 %) для оценки эффекта вмешательства была применена модель случайных эффектов: полученное отношение рисков летального исхода составило 0,68 (95 %-й доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,42–1,10) в пользу плановых релапаротомий. Оценка чувствительности систематического обзора путем изменения критериев включения продемонстрировала схожий вывод: отношение рисков летального исхода составило 0,79 в пользу плановых релапаротомий (95 % ДИ 0,46–1,36).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Полученные данные продемонстрировали наличие статистически незначимого (p=0,11) уменьшения послеоперационной летальности в подгруппе больных с плановыми релапаротомиями. С учетом среднего риска систематического и существенного риска публикационного смещений включенных исследований, к этим выводам следует относиться с осторожностью. Дальнейшие исследования в формате рандомизированных испытаний, несомненно, способствуют повышению уровня достоверности приводимых доказательств.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The main component of the treatment of patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis is surgical intervention aimed at controlling the source of infection. In some cases, a single intervention is not enough for effective sanation of the abdominal cavity, which requires relaparotomy. There is currently no generally accepted approach to the timing and order for such interventions. The OBJECTIVE was to carry out a comparative analysis of the immediate results of patients with secondary diffuse peritonitis treatment using strategies of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS AND MATERIALS</title><p>METHODS AND MATERIALS. The inclusion criteria for the review were randomized and cohort controlled trials comparing the efficacy of planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies in the treatment of secondary diffuse peritonitis. Primary sources comparing the results of these surgical strategies in adult patients were searched using the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Scopus and eLibrary databases. The studies were independently assessed for inclusion by two review authors according to the stated eligibility criteria followed by data extraction. The methodological quality of randomized trials was assessed using the Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias, nonrandomized ones – using the Russian version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Arising disagreements were resolved through discussions.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The review included one randomized controlled trial according to the inclusion criteria and 16 nonrandomized cohort studies with a total of 3672 participants (1835 and 1837 patients undergoing planned and «on-demand» relaparotomies, respectively). Given the significant statistical heterogeneity of the included studies (χ2=119.2, df=16, p&lt;0.00001, I2=87 %), a random effects model was used to assess the intervention effect: the resulting risk of death ratio was 0.68 (95 % CI 0.42–1.10) in favor of planned relaparotomies. The assessment of the systematic review sensitivity, performed by changing the inclusion criteria, showed a similar conclusion: the risk of death ratio was 0.79 in favor of the planned relaparotomies (95 % CI 0.46–1.36).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. The obtained data demonstrated the presence of a statistically insignificant (p=0.11) decrease in postoperative mortality rate in the subgroup of patients with planned relaparotomies. Given the average risk of systematic and significant risk of publication bias in the included studies, these conclusions should be accepted with caution. Further studies in the format of randomized trials will undoubtedly increase the level of the evidence reliability.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>распространенный перитонит</kwd><kwd>релапаротомия «по требованию»</kwd><kwd>плановая релапаротомия</kwd><kwd>открытый живот</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>secondary peritonitis</kwd><kwd>«on-demand» relaparotomy</kwd><kwd>planned relaparotomy</kwd><kwd>open abdomen</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щеголев А. А., Товмасян Р. С., Чевокин А. Ю. и др. Третичный перитонит : состояние проблемы и возможные перспективы // Лечебное дело. 2018. Т. 4. С. 32–35.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchegolev A. A., Tovmasyan R. S., Chevokin A. Yu. et al. Tertiary peritonitis: condition and possible problems // Medicine. 2018;(4):32–35. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">External Validation of a Decision Tool To Guide Post-Operative Management of Patients with Secondary Peritonitis / J. J. Atema, K. Ram, M. J. Schultz, M. A. Boermeester // Surg. Infect. (Larchmt). 2017. Vol. 2, № 18. P. 189–195. Doi: 10.1089/sur.2016.017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atema J. J., Ram K., Schultz M. J., Boermeester M. A. External Validation of a Decision Tool To Guide Post-Operative Management of Patients with Secondary Peritonitis // Surg. Infect. (Larchmt). 2017;2(18):189–195. Doi: 10.1089/sur.2016.017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sterne J. A. C., Savović J., PageM. J., Elbers R. G. et al. RoB 2 : a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials // BMJ. 2019. Vol. 366. P. l4898. Doi: 10.1136/bmj.l4898.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sterne J. A. C., Savović J., Page M. J., Elbers R. G., Blencowe N. S., Boutron I., Cates C. J., Cheng H. Y., Corbett M. S., Eldridge S. M., Emberson J. R., Hernán M. A., Hopewell S., Hróbjartsson A., Junqueira D. R., Jüni P., Kirkham J. J., Lasserson T., Li T., McAleenan A., Reeves B. C., Shepperd S., Shrier I., Stewart L. A., Tilling K., White I. R., Whiting P. F., Higgins J. P. T. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials // BMJ. 2019;(366):l4898. Doi: 10.1136/bmj.l4898.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Реброва О. Ю., Федяева В. К. Вопросник для оценки риска систематических ошибок в нерандомизированных сравнительных исследованиях : русскоязычная версия шкалы Ньюкасл-Оттава // Мед. технологии. Оценка и выбор. 2016. Т. 3. С. 14–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rebrova O. Yu., Fedyaeva V. K. Questionnaire for assessing the risk of bias in nonrandomized comparative studies: Russian version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale // Medical Technologies. Evaluation and selection. 2016;(3):14–19. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Ruler O., Mahler C. W., Boer K. R. et al. Comparison of On-Demand vs Planned Relaparotomy Strategy in Patients With Severe Peritonitis : A Randomized Trial // JAMA. 2007. Vol. 298, № 8. P. 865–872. Doi: 10.1001/jama.298.8.865.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Ruler O., Mahler C. W., Boer K. R., Reuland E. A., Gooszen H. G., Opmeer B. C., de Graaf P. W., Lamme B., Gerhards M. F., Steller E. P., van Till J. W., de Borgie C. J., Gouma D. J., Reitsma J. B., Boermeester M. A. Comparison of On-Demand vs Planned Relaparotomy Strategy in Patients With Severe Peritonitis: A Randomized Trial // JAMA. 2007;298(8):865–872. Doi: 10.1001/jama.298.8.865.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макушкин Р. З., Байчоров Э. Х., Хациев Б. Б. и др. Повторные хирургические вмешательства при распространенном гнойном перитоните // Хирургия. 2009. Т. 11, С. 18–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makushkin R. Z., Baichorov E. Kh., Katsiev B. B., Gadaev Sh. Sh., Petizhev E. B. Repeated surgical operations for disseminated purulent peritonitis // Khirurgiia (Mosk). 2009;(11):18–22. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маскин С. С., Карсанов А. М., Дербенцева Т. В. и др. Диф ференцированный выбор тактических решений при генерализованной внутрибрюшной инфекции // Москов. хирург. журн. 2015. Т. 41, № 1. С. 36–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maskin S. S., Karsanov A. M., Derbentseva T. V., Matyukhin V. V., Karsanova Z. O. Differentiated choice of tactical decisions in generalized intraabdominal infection // Moscow surgical journal. 2015;41(1):36–40. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Planned reoperation for generalized intraabdominal infection / C. Andrus., M. Doering., V. M. Herrmann., D. L. Kaminski // Am. J. Surg. 1986. Vol. 152, № 6. P. 682–686. Doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(86)90448-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrus C., Doering M., Herrmann V. M., Kaminski D. L. Planned reoperation for generalized intraabdominal infection // Am J Surg. 1986;152(6):682–686. Doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(86)90448-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hau T., Ohmann C., Wolmershauser A. et al. Planned relaparotomy vs relaparotomy on demand in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections // Arch. Surg. 1995. Vol. 130, № 11. P. 1193–1196. Doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1995.01430110051009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hau T., Ohmann C., Wolmershauser A., Wacha H., Yang Q. Planned relaparotomy vs relaparotomy on demand in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections // Arch Surg. 1995;130(11):1193–1196. Doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1995.01430110051009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авакимян В. А., Карипиди Г. К., Авакимян С. В. и др. Прог раммированная релапаротомия в лечении разлитого гнойного перитонита // Кубан. науч. мед. вестн. 2017. Т. 24, № 6. С. 12–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avakimyan V. A., Karipidi G. K., Avakimyan S. V., Alukhanyan O. A., Potiagailo E. G., Marchenko N. V., Didigov M. T., Babenko E. S. Programmed relaparotomy in the treatment of diffuse purulent peritonitis // Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin. 2017;24(6):12–16. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бенсман В. М., Савченко Ю. П., Щерба С. Н. и др. Выбор способа закрытия лапаротомной раны в комплексе хирургического лечения распространенного перитонита // Кубан. науч. мед. вестн. 2015. Т. 5. С. 19–24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bensman V. M., Savchenko Yu. P., Shcherba S. N., Avakimyan V. A., Pyatakov S. N., Golikov I. V., Saakyan A. S., Triandafilov K. V., Sahakyan E. A. Choice of a method for closing a laparotomic wound in the complex of surgical treatment of generalized peritonitis // Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin. 2015;(5):19–24. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борисов Р. Н. Значение релапаротомии при комплексном лечении больных с распространенным гнойным перитонитом // Сибир. мед. обозрение. 2009. Т. 2. С. 13–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borisov R.N. The value of relaparotomy in the complex treatment of patients with widespread purulent peritonitis // Siberian Medical Review. 2009;(2):13–16. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кондратенко П. Г., Койчев Е. А. Лапаростомия и программированные санации брюшной полости в комплексном лечении перфоративной язвы, осложненной разлитым гнойным перитонитом // Украин. журн. хир. 2013. Т. 1, № 20. С. 80–85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kondratenko P. G., Koichev E. A. Laparostomy and programmed sanitation of the abdominal cavity in the complex treatment of a perforated ulcer complicated by diffuse purulent peritonitis // Ukrainian Journal of Surgery. 2013;1(20):80–85.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Indications and Outcome of Patients who had Re-Laparotomy : Two Years’ Experience from a Teaching Hospital in a Developing Nation / K. Abebe., B. Geremew, B. Lemmu, E. Abebe // Ethiop. J. Health Sci. 2020. Vol. 30, № 5. P. 739–744. Doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i5.13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abebe K., Geremew B., Lemmu B., Abebe E. Indications and Outcome of Patients who had Re-Laparotomy: Two Years’ Experience from a Teaching Hospital in a Developing Nation. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2020; 30(5):739–744. Doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i5.13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grunau G., Heemken R., Hau T. Predictors of outcome in patients with postoperative intra-abdominal infection // Eur. J. Surg. 1996. Vol. 162, № 8. P. 619–625. PMID: 8891619</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grunau G., Heemken R., Hau T. Predictors of outcome in patients with postoperative intra-abdominal infection // Eur J Surg. 1996;162(8):619– 625. PMID: 8891619.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamme B., Boermeester M. A., Belt E. J. et al. Mortality and morbidity of planned relaparotomy versus relaparotomy on demand for secondary peritonitis // Br. J. Surg. 2004. Vol. 91, № 8. P. 1046–1054. Doi: 10.1002/bjs.4517.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamme B., Boermeester M. A., Belt E. J., van Till J. W., Gouma D. J., Obertop H. Mortality and morbidity of planned relaparotomy versus relaparotomy on demand for secondary peritonitis // Br J Surg. 2004;91(8):1046–1054. Doi: 10.1002/bjs.4517.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Penninckx F., Kerremans R., Filez L. et al. Planned relaparotomies for advanced, established peritonitis from colonic origin // Acta Chir. Belg. 1990. Vol. 90, № 5. P. 269–274. PMID: 2073015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Penninckx F., Kerremans R., Filez L., Ferdinande P., Schets M., Lauwers P. Planned relaparotomies for advanced, established peritonitis from colonic origin // Acta Chir Belg. 1990;90(5):269–274. PMID: 2073015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rakic M., Popovic D., Rakic M. et al. Comparison of on-demand vs planned relaparotomy for treatment of severe intra-abdominal infections // Croat. Med. J. 2005. Vol. 46, № 6. P. 957–963. PMID: 16342350.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rakic M., Popovic D., Rakic M., Druzijanic N., Lojpur M., Hall B. A., Williams B. A., Sprung J. Comparison of on-demand vs planned relaparotomy for treatment of severe intra-abdominal infections // Croat Med J. 2005;46(6):957–963. PMID: 16342350.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scriba M. F., Laing G. L., Bruce J. L. et al. The Role of Planned and On-Demand Relaparotomy in the Developing World // World J. Surg. 2016. Vol. 40, № 7. P. 1558–1564. Doi: 10.1007/s00268-015-3379-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Scriba M. F., Laing G. L., Bruce J. L., Sartorius B., Clarke D. L. The Role of Planned and On-Demand Relaparotomy in the Developing World // World J Surg. 2016;40(7):1558–1564. Doi: 10.1007/s00268-015-3379-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wittmann D. H., Bansal N., Bergstein J. M. et al. Staged abdominal repair compares favorably with conventional operative therapy for intraabdominal infections when adjusting for prognostic factors with a logistic model // Theor. Surg. 1994. Vol. 9. P. 201–207.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wittmann D. H., Bansal N., Bergstein J. M., Wallace J. R., Wittmann M. M., Aprahamian C. Staged abdominal repair compares favorably with conventional operative therapy for intra-abdominal infections when adjusting for prognostic factors with a logistic model // Theor. Surg. 1994;(9):201–207.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zugel N., Siebeck M., Geibler B. et al. Circulating Mediators and Organ Function in Patients Undergoing Planned Relaparotomy vs Conventional Surgical Therapy in Severe Secondary Peritonitis // Arch. Surg. 2002. Vol. 137, № 5. P. 590–599. Doi: 10.1001/archsurg.137.5.590.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zugel N., Siebeck M., Geibler B., Lichtwark-Aschoff M., Gippner-Steppert C., Witte J., Jochum M. Circulating Mediators and Organ Function in Patients Undergoing Planned Relaparotomy vs Conventional Surgical Therapy in Severe Secondary Peritonitis // Arch Surg. 2002;137(5):590– 599. Doi: 10.1001/archsurg.137.5.590.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Григорьев Е. Г., Колмаков С. А., Нечаев Е. В. Релапаротомия в лечении послеоперационного перитонита // Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2005. Т. 3. С. 218–219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigoriev E. G., Kolmakov S. A., Nechaev E. V., Shumov A. V., Kogan A. S. Relaparotomy in the treatment of postoperative peritonitis // Acta Biomedica Scientifica. 2005;(3):218–219. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Использование результатов прогнозирования исходов для оптимизации хирургического лечения распространенного перитонита / К. В. Костюченко, В. В. Рыбачков, А. С. Конев, М. К. Костюченко // Фундамент. исслед. 2010. Т. 1. С. 62–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kostyuchenko K. V., Rybachkov V. V., Konev A. S., Kostyuchenko M. K. Using the results of predicting outcomes to optimize the surgical treatment of advanced peritonitis // Fundamental research. 2010;(1):62– 64. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плоткин Л. Л. Релапаротомии у пациентов с разлитым гнойным перитонитом, аспекты агрессиологии // Вестн. хир. 2008. Т. 3. С. 11–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Plotkin L. L. Relaparotomy in patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis, aspects of aggression // Vestn. hir. 2008;(3):11–14. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caro A., Olona C., Jimenez A. et al. Treatment of the open abdomen with topical negative pressure therapy : a retrospective study of 46 cases // Int. Wound. J. 2011. Vol. 8, № 3. P. 274–279. Doi: 10.1111/j.1742481X.2011.00782.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caro A., Olona C., Jimenez A., Vadillo J., Feliu F., Vicente V. Treatment of the open abdomen with topical negative pressure therapy: a retrospective study of 46 cases // Int Wound J. 2011:8(3);274–279. Doi: 10.1111/j.1742481X.2011.00782.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of the Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Staged Peritoneal Lavage for Secondary Peritonitis / D. Daskalopoulou, J. Kankam, P. C. Ambe, K. Zarras // World. J. Surg. 2020. Vol. 44, № 7. P. 2185–2190. Doi: 10.1007/s00268-020-05455-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daskalopoulou D., Kankam J., Ambe P. C., Zarras K. Single-Center Retro spective Analysis of the Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Staged Peritoneal Lavage for Secondary Peritonitis // World J Surg. 2020; 44(7):2185–2190. Doi: 10.1007/s00268-020-05455-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gonullu D., Koksoy F. N., Demiray O. et al. Laparostomy in patients with severe secondary peritonitis // Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2009. Vol. 15, № 1. P. 52–57. PMID: 19130338.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gonullu D., Koksoy F. N., Demiray O., Ozkan S. G., Yucel T., Yücel O. Laparostomy in patients with severe secondary peritonitis // Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2009;15(1):52–57. PMID: 19130338.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holzheimer R. G., Gathof B. Re-operation for complicated secondary peritonitis - how to identify patients at risk for persistent sepsis // Eur. J. Med. Res. 2003. Vol. 8, № 3. P. 125–134. PMID: 12730034.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holzheimer R. G., Gathof B. Re-operation for complicated secondary peritonitis - how to identify patients at risk for persistent sepsis // Eur J Med Res. 2003;8(3):125–134. PMID: 12730034.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Multiple laparotomies for severe intra-abdominal infection / B. A. Jiffry, M. W. Sebastian, T. Amin, W. H. Isbister // Aust. N. Z. J. Surg. 1998. Vol. 68, № 2. P. 139–142. Doi: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1998.tb04725.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jiffry B. A., Sebastian M. W., Amin T., Isbister W. H. Multiple laparotomies for severe intra-abdominal infection // Aust N Z J Surg. 1998;68(2):139–142. Doi: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.1998.tb04725.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sileikis A., Kazanavicius D., Skrebunas A. et al. Prediction for a planned relaparotomy in secondary peritonitis // Central European Journal of Medicine. 2015. Vol. 8, P. 410–414. Doi: 10.2478/s11536-013-0180-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sileikis A., Kazanavicius D., Skrebunas A., Ostapenko A. Strupas K. Prediction for a planned relaparotomy in secondary peritonitis // Central European Journal of Medicine. 2015;(8);410–414. Doi: 10.2478/s11536-013-0180-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Goor H., Hulsebos R. G., Bleichrodt R. P. Complications of planned relaparotomy in patients with severe general peritonitis // Eur. J. Surg. 1997. Vol. 163, № 1. P. 61–66. PMID: 9116113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Goor H., Hulsebos R. G., Bleichrodt R. P. Complications of planned relaparotomy in patients with severe general peritonitis // Eur J Surg. 1997;163(1):61–66. PMID: 9116113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вачев А. Н., Корытцев В. К., Щербатенко В. Ю. и др. Показания к программированным санационным релапаротомиям при распространенном перитоните // Вестн. хир. им. И. И. Грекова. 2019. Т. 178, № 5. С. 89–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vachev A. N., Korytsev V. K., Shcherbatenko V. Yu., Skupchenko S. S., Krasnoslobodtsev A. M. Indications for programmed sanitation relaparotomies in generalized peritonitis // Grekov’s Bulletin of Surgery. 2019;178(5):89–94. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basu A., Pai D. R. Early elevation of intra-abdominal pressure after laparotomy for secondary peritonitis : a predictor of relaparotomy? // World J. Surg. 2008. Vol. 32, № 8. P. 1851–1856. Doi: 10.1007/s00268008-9605-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basu A., Pai D. R. Early elevation of intra-abdominal pressure after laparotomy for secondary peritonitis: a predictor of relaparotomy? // World J Surg. 2008;32(8):1851–1856. Doi: 10.1007/s00268-008-9605-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hutchins R. R., Gunning M. P., Lucas D. N. et al. Relaparotomy for suspected intraperitoneal sepsis after abdominal surgery // World J. Surg. 2004. Vol. 28, № 2. P. 137–141. Doi: 10.1007/s00268-003-7067-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hutchins R. R., Gunning M. P., Lucas D. N., Allen-Mersh T. G., Soni N. C. Re la parotomy for suspected intraperitoneal sepsis after abdominal surgery // World J Surg. 2004;28(2):137–141. Doi: 10.1007/s00268-003-7067-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim J. J., Liang M. K., Subramanian A. et al. Predictors of relaparotomy after nontrauma emergency general surgery with initial fascial closure // Am. J. Surg. 2011. Vol. 202, № 5. P. 549–552. Doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2011.06.023.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim J. J., Liang M. K., Subramanian A., Balentine C. J., Sansgiry S., Awad S. S. Predictors of relaparotomy after nontrauma emergency general surgery with initial fascial closure // Am J Surg. 2011;202(5):549– 552. Doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2011.06.023.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Relaparotomy on demand: factors related to mortality / J. L. MartinezOrdaz, R. M. Suarez-Moreno, O. J. Filipez-Aguilar, R. BlancoBenavides // Cir. Cir. 2005. Vol. 73, № 3. P. 175–178. PMID: 16091156.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martinez-Ordaz J. L., Suarez-Moreno R. M., Filipez-Aguilar O. J., BlancoBenavides R. Relaparotomy on demand: factors related to mortality // Cir Cir. 2005;73(3):175–178. PMID: 16091156.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pauly S., Schulze F. P., Horstmann O. et al. Stellenwert Value of onestage surgical treatment of diffuse peritonitis (relaparotomy on demand) : a single-center analysis // Zentralbl Chir. 2013. Vol. 138, № 3. P. 289– 294. Doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1328006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pauly S., Schulze F. P., Horstmann O., Becker H., Grade M., Ghadimi M. Stellenwert Value of one-stage surgical treatment of diffuse peritonitis (relaparotomy on demand): a single-center analysis // Zentralbl Chir. 2013;138(3):289–294. Doi: 10.1055/s-0032-1328006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Swallow A. Y., Akoko L. O., Lema L. E. Patient’s characteristics, management practices and outcome of re-laparotomies in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania // Heliyon. 2020. Vol. 6, № 7. P.E04295. Doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swallow A. Y., Akoko L. O., Lema L. E. Patient’s characteristics, management practices and outcome of re-laparotomies in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania // Heliyon. 2020;6(7):E04295. Doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamme B., Boermeester M. A., Reitsma J. B. et al. Meta-analysis of relaparotomy for secondary peritonitis // Br. J. Surg. 2002. Vol. 89, № 12. P. 1516–1524. Doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2002.02293.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamme B., Boermeester M. A., Reitsma J. B., Mahler C. W., Obertop H., Gouma D. J. Meta-analysis of relaparotomy for secondary peritonitis // Br J Surg. 2002;89(12):1516–1524. Doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2002.02293.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
