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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">grekov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4625</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7370</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, FSBEI HE I.P.Pavlov SPbSMU MOH Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/0042-4625-2022-181-1-49-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">grekov-1995</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ОБЩЕЙ И ЧАСТНОЙ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PROBLEMS OF GENERAL AND SPECIAL SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка способов остеосинтеза диафизарного перелома лучевой кости методом математического моделирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative evaluation of methods for osteosynthesis of diaphyseal radial fractures by the method of mathematical modeling</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7244-5522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неверов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neverov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Неверов Валентин Александрович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, врач - травматолог-ортопед.</p><p>191014, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., д. 56.</p><p>eLibrary SPIN: 2325-0152</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentin A. Neverov - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Orthopedic Traumatologist, City Mariinsky Hospital.</p><p>56, Liteyny pr., Saint Petersburg, 191014.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">5507974@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4328-6999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyaev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черняев Сергей Николаевич - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением травматологии и ортопедии.</p><p>191014, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., д. 56.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Chernyaev - Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, City Mariinsky Hospital.</p><p>56, Liteyny pr., Saint Petersburg, 191014.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">traumamariin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кириллова Инна Васильевна - кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, директор, Образовательно-научный институт наноструктур и биосистем.</p><p>Саратов.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Kirillova - Cand. of Sci. (Math. and Physics), Associate Professor, Director, Educational and Scientific Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University.</p><p>Saratov.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivkirillova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крылова Екатерина Юрьевна - кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент.</p><p>Саратов.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Yu. Krylova - Cand. of Sci. (Math. and Physics), Associate Professor, Saratov State University.</p><p>Saratov.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivkirillova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7771-5811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шинкаренко</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shinkarenko</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шинкаренко Дмитрий Васильевич - врач - травматолог-ортопед.</p><p>191014, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., д. 56.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy V. Shinkarenko - Orthopedic Traumatologist, City Mariinsky Hospital.</p><p>56, Liteyny pr., Saint Petersburg, 191014.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">traumamariin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-0059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грохольский</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Groholskiy</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грохольский Николай Викторович - врач - травматолог-ортопед.</p><p>191014, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., д. 56.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Groholskiy - Orthopedic Traumatologist,City Mariinsky Hospital.</p><p>56, Liteyny pr., Saint Petersburg, 191014.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">traumamariin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyaeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черняева Анна Сергеевна - врач.</p><p>191014, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., д. 56.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Chernyaeva - Doctor, City Mariinsky Hospital.</p><p>56, Liteyny pr., Saint Petersburg, 191014.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernyaeva.1997@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская Мариинская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н.Г. Чернышевского Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>181</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Неверов В.А., Черняев С.Н., Кириллова И.В., Крылова Е.Ю., Шинкаренко Д.В., Грохольский Н.В., Черняева А.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Неверов В.А., Черняев С.Н., Кириллова И.В., Крылова Е.Ю., Шинкаренко Д.В., Грохольский Н.В., Черняева А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Neverov V.A., Chernyaev S.N., Kirillova I.V., Krylova E.Y., Shinkarenko D.V., Groholskiy N.V., Chernyaeva A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/1995">https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/1995</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Хирургическое лечение больных с диафизарными переломами костей предплечья насчитывает множество методов и требует прецизиозной техники. Остается дискутабельным вопрос о необходимости послеоперационной иммобилизация после остеосинтеза диафизарных переломов, так как порой приходится констатировать несостоятельность остеосинтеза и образование ложного сустава. Кроме того, в доступной литературе представлено очень мало сведений о роли межкостной мембраны в ротационной функции предплечья при выполнении остеосинтеза.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Определить силы, возникающие при ротационных движениях предплечья, приводящие к вышеуказанным осложнениям.</p></sec><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ. Клиническая часть включала в себя результаты хирургического лечения 330 больных с диафизарными переломами костей предплечья: основная группа (170 - блокирующий остеосинтез) и группа сравнения (138 - накостный остеосинтез). Третья группа состояла из 22 пациентов с осложнениями хирургического лечения диафизарных переломов костей предплечья. Для определения сил, возникающих при ротации предплечья, которые приводят к образованию несращений, нестабильности и переломам конструкций, нами проведена сравнительная оценка кортикального и блокирующего остеосинтеза отломков лучевой кости методом математического моделирования.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В основной группе сращение достигнуто у всех (170 пациентов), в группе сравнения достигнуто сращение у 128 (92,8 %), из 22 больных с осложнениями переломов, которым выполнена реконструкция, консолидация достигнута у всех. При сравнительной оценке установлено, что при кортикальном остеосинтезе зоны концентрации высоких напряжений локализуются вокруг отверстия пластины над областью перелома и ближайших к ней отверстий с обеих сторон. При остеосинтезе лучевой кости стержнем напряжения равномерно распределены по стержню. Движения пронация-супинация с амплитудой (±90)о, по результатам экспериментов, должны привести к разрушению кортикальной пластины в довольно скором времени после установки, в то время как стержень, изготовленный из ультрамелкозернистого сплава Ti-6Al-7Nb, сохранит свою целостность.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. С учетом полученных данных, целесообразно использовать внешнюю иммобилизацию, чтобы избежать осложнений в виде нестабильности остеосинтеза или перелома пластины.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>RELEVANCE</title><p>RELEVANCE. The surgical treatment of patients with diaphyseal forearm fractures has a variety of methods and requires a precision technique. The need for postoperative immobilization after osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures remains a controversial issue, since osteosynthesis failure and the formation of a pseudoarthrosis are sometimes observed.</p><p>In addition, very little information about the role of the interosseous membrane in the rotational function of the forearm during osteosynthesis is available in the literature.</p><p>The OBJECTIVE was to determine the forces occurring during rotational movements of the forearm that lead to the above complications.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS AND MATERIALS</title><p>METHODS AND MATERIALS. The clinical part included the results of surgical treatment of 330 patients with diaphyseal fractures of the forearm; it consisted of the main group (170 - interlocking osteosynthesis) and the comparison group (138 - plate osteosynthesis). The third group consisted of 22 patients with complications of surgical treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the forearm. We performed a comparative assessment of plate and interlocking osteosynthesis of radial bone fractures by mathematical modelling to determine the forces occurring during forearm rotation that lead to nonunion, instability and plate fractures.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. In the main group, healing was achieved in all (170 patients), in the comparison group, healing was achieved in 128 (92.8 %), consolidation was achieved in all 22 patients with fracture complications who underwent reconstruction. A comparative assessment revealed that during plate osteosynthesis, zones of high stress concentration were located around the plate opening above the area of fracture and the nearest to it holes from both sides. In interlocking osteosynthesis of the radius, the stresses are evenly distributed around the nail. Pronation-supination movements with an amplitude of (±90)°, according to the experimental results, should lead to the destruction of the cortical plate fairly soon after implantation, while the nail made of ultra-fine Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy will maintain its integrity.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION. Based on these findings, external immobilization is advisable to avoid complications such as osteosynthesis instability or plate fracture.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>предплечье</kwd><kwd>перелом предплечья</kwd><kwd>остеосинтез</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>блокирующий остеосинтез</kwd><kwd>накостный остеосинтез</kwd><kwd>сплав титана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>forearm</kwd><kwd>forearm fracture</kwd><kwd>osteosynthesis</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>interlocking osteosynthesis</kwd><kwd>plate osteosynthesis</kwd><kwd>titanium alloy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черняев С. Н., Неверов В. А. Методы лечения диафизарных переломов костей предплечья (обзор литературы) // Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2020. № 2. 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