grekovВестник хирургии имени И.И. ГрековаGrekov's Bulletin of Surgery0042-4625Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, FSBEI HE I.P.Pavlov SPbSMU MOH Russia10.24884/0042-4625-2025-184-1-89-98grekov-2487Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSК вопросу о трепанации черепа. Исторический экскурсTo the question of skull trepa nation. Historical excursionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-4917УлитинА. Ю.UlitinA. Yu.

Улитин Алексей Юрьевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный врач РФ, главный внештатный нейрохирург, заведующий кафедрой нейрохирургии с курсом нейрофизиологии ИМО, заведующий нейрохирургическим отделением № 4 РНХИ им. проф. А. Л. Поленова

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. аккуратова, д. 2 

Ulitin Alexey Yu., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Physician of the Russian Federation, Chief Freelance Neurosurgeon, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery with a Course of Neurophysiology, Institute of Medical Education, Head of Neurosurgical Department № 4 of the Russian Research Neurosurgical Institute named after Professor A. L. Polenov

2, Akkuratova str., Saint Petersburg, 197341

ulitinaleks@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-1987ФоминН. Ф.FominN. N.

Фомин Николай Федорович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, полковник медицинской службы, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, начальник кафедры оперативной хирургии (с топографической анатомией) 

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. академика Лебедева, д. 6

Fomin Nikolay F., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Colonel of the Medical Service, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Operative Surgery (with Topographic Anatomy), Military Medical Academy

6, Academica Lebedeva str., Saint Petersburg, 194044

fominmed@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8571-1447МонашенкоД. Н.MonashenkoD. N.

Монашенко Дмитрий Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург высшей категории, заведующий первым нейрохирургическим отделением

195427, Санкт-Петербург, ул. академика Байкова, д. 8

Monashenko Dmitry N., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Neurosurgeon of the Highest Category, Head of the First Neurosurgical Department, Russian Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedicsnamed after R.R. Vreden

8, str. Academician Baykova, Saint Petersburg, 195427

d.monashenko@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6608-935XВоиновН. Е.VoinovN. E.

Воинов Никита Евгеньевич, врач-нейрохирург РНХИ им. проф. А. Л. Поленова

197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. аккуратова, д. 2

Voinov Nikita E., Neurosurgeon, Russian Research Neurosurgical Institute named after Professor A. L. Polenov

2, Akkuratova str., Saint Petersburg, 197341 

nik_voin@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0580-6543УлитинГ. А.UlitinG. A.

Улитин Георгий Алексеевич, студент

194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. академика Лебедева, д. 6

Ulitin Georgy A., Student, Military Medical Academy

6, Academica Lebedeva str., Saint Petersburg, 194044 

uliting@mail.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. АлмазоваРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CentreRussian FederationВоенно-медицинская академия имени С. М. КироваРоссияMilitary Medical AcademyRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии имени Р. Р. ВреденаРоссияRussian Medical Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R.R. VredenRussian Federation20252704202518418998Copyright © Улитин А.Ю., Фомин Н.Ф., Монашенко Д.Н., Воинов Н.Е., Улитин Г.А., 20252025Улитин А.Ю., Фомин Н.Ф., Монашенко Д.Н., Воинов Н.Е., Улитин Г.А.Ulitin A.Y., Fomin N.N., Monashenko D.N., Voinov N.E., Ulitin G.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2487

В статье представлены сведения, освещающие некоторые моменты эволюции хирургического инструментария, использующегося для проведения трепанации черепа, начиная с глубокой древности вплоть до Нового времени (конец XIX века), когда закончился период хирургии черепа и появилась новая хирургическая специальность — нейрохирургия. Почти все эти инструменты с развитием микрохирургии вышли из употребления, однако изучение истории медицины и понимание этапов ее развития являются фундаментальными основами в формировании мировоззрения любого грамотного современного врача.

The article presents information highlighting some moments of the evolution of surgical instruments used to perform skull trepanation from ancient times up to the Modern Age (late 19th century), when the period of skull surgery ended and a new surgical specialty, neurosurgery, emerged. Almost all of these instruments went out of use with the develop ment of microsurgery, but the study of the history of medicine and understanding of the stages of its development is one of the fundamental bases in the formation of the worldview of any competent modern doctor.

трепанация черепаистория медицинынейрохирургияинструментыskull trepanationhistory of medicineneurosurgeryinstrumentsReferencesHippocrates. On Wounds in the Head. In the Surgery. On Fractures. On Joints. Mochlicon. 1928. Vol. III. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1928.Hippocrates. On Wounds in the Head. In the Surgery. On Fractures. On Joints. Mochlicon. 1928. Vol. III. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1928.Galen. Method of Medicine. Volume II: Books 5 – 9. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011.Galen. Method of Medicine. Volume II: Books 5 – 9. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011.Celsus. On medicine. Vol. III. Cambridge (Mass): Harvard University Press. 1938.Celsus. On medicine. Vol. III. Cambridge (Mass): Harvard University Press. 1938.Marion G. Chirurgie du Système Nerveux. Paris: G. Steinheil, 1903. 5. Martin G. Craniotomy: The First Case Histories. J. Clin. Neuroscience. 1999. Vol. 6. P. 361‒363. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-5868(99)90069-3.Marion G. Chirurgie du Système Nerveux. Paris: G. Steinheil, 1903. 5. Martin G. Craniotomy: The First Case Histories. J. Clin. Neuroscience. 1999. Vol. 6. P. 361‒363. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-5868(99)90069-3.Brothwell D. R. Osteological evidence of the use of a surgical modiolus in a Romano-British population: an aspect of primitive technology. J. Archeol. Sci. 1974. Vol. 1. P. 209‒211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-4403(74)90044-2.Brothwell D. R. Osteological evidence of the use of a surgical modiolus in a Romano-British population: an aspect of primitive technology. J. Archeol. Sci. 1974. Vol. 1. P. 209‒211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-4403(74)90044-2.Heister L. A general system of surgery. London: W. Innys, 1745.Heister L. A general system of surgery. London: W. Innys, 1745.Chipault A. Chirurgie Opératoire du Système Nerveux. Paris: Rueff et C., 1895.Chipault A. Chirurgie Opératoire du Système Nerveux. Paris: Rueff et C., 1895.Chipault A. Chirurgie nerveuse d’urgence. Paris: J.B. Baillière et fils, 1904.Chipault A. Chirurgie nerveuse d’urgence. Paris: J.B. Baillière et fils, 1904.Sigerist H. E. A History of Medicine. Oxford: University Press, 1951.Sigerist H. E. A History of Medicine. Oxford: University Press, 1951.Starr A. Brain surgery. New York: William Wood & Co, 1895.Starr A. Brain surgery. New York: William Wood & Co, 1895.Rogers L. The history of craniotomy: an account of the methods which have been practiced and the instruments used for opening the human skull during life. Ann. Med. Hist. 1930. Vol. 2. P. 495‒514.Rogers L. The history of craniotomy: an account of the methods which have been practiced and the instruments used for opening the human skull during life. Ann. Med. Hist. 1930. Vol. 2. P. 495‒514.Le Dran H.-F. Observations in Surgery: Containing One Hundred and Fifteen Different Cases With Particular Remarks on Each for the Improvement of Young Students. Surgeon J.S. (trans.). London Bridge, UK: James Hodges at the Looking Glass, 1740.Le Dran H.-F. Observations in Surgery: Containing One Hundred and Fifteen Different CasesWith Particular Remarks on Each for the Improvement of Young Students. Surgeon J.S. (trans.). London Bridge, UK: James Hodges at the Looking Glass, 1740.Garengeot R. J. C. Nouveau traité des instruments de chirurgie les plus útiles et de plusieurs nouvelles machines propres pour les maladies des os. 2nd ed. Paris: Chez Guillaume Cavelier; 1727.Garengeot R. J. C. Nouveau traité des instruments de chirurgie les plus útiles et de plusieurs nouvelles machines propres pour les maladies des os. 2nd ed. Paris: Chez Guillaume Cavelier; 1727.Diderot D., D’Alambert R. L. Encyclopédie. Paris; Chez Briasson, David, le Beton, Durand: 1751‒1772.Diderot D., D’Alambert R. L. Encyclopédie. Paris; Chez Briasson, David, le Beton, Durand: 1751‒1772.Bichat X. Description d’un nouveau trépan. In: Mémoires de la Société Médicale d’émulation. Paris: Chez Richard, Caille et Ravier, 1799.Bichat X. Description d’un nouveau trépan. In: Mémoires de la Société Médicale d’émulation. Paris: Chez Richard, Caille et Ravier, 1799.Gallez L. La trépanation du crane. Paris: Georges Carré, 1893.Gallez L. La trépanation du crane. Paris: Georges Carré, 1893.Goddard J. C. The navy surgeon’s chest: surgical instruments of the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic War. J. R. Soc. Med. 2004. Vol. 97. P. 191‒7. https://doi.org/10.1177/014107680409700414.Goddard J. C. The navy surgeon’s chest: surgical instruments of the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic War. J. R. Soc. Med. 2004. Vol. 97. P. 191‒7. https://doi.org/10.1177/014107680409700414.Terrier F., Péraire M. L’opération du trépan. Paris: Félix Alcan. 1895.Terrier F., Péraire M. L’opération du trépan. Paris: Félix Alcan. 1895.Pott P. Observations on the nature and consequences of those injuries to which the head is liable from external violence. Hawes L., Clarke W. and Collins, London, 1768.Pott P. Observations on the nature and consequences of those injuries to which the head is liable from external violence. Hawes L., Clarke W. and Collins, London, 1768.Bell C. Illustrations of the great operations of surgery: trepan, hernia, amputation, aneurism, and lithotomy. London: Longman et al., 1821.Bell C. Illustrations of the great operations of surgery: trepan, hernia, amputation, aneurism, and lithotomy. London: Longman et al., 1821.Arnold and Sons. A catalogue of surgical instruments. London: Arnold and Sons, 1873.Arnold and Sons. A catalogue of surgical instruments. London: Arnold and Sons, 1873.Evans & Wormull. Illustrated catalogue of surgical instruments. London: Evans & Wormull, 1876.Evans & Wormull. Illustrated catalogue of surgical instruments. London: Evans & Wormull, 1876.Earle J. The chirurgical works of Percivall Pott: with his last corrections, to which are added, a short account of the life of the author, a method of curing the hydrocele by injection, and occasional notes and observations. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: James Webster, 1819.Earle J. The chirurgical works of Percivall Pott: with his last corrections, to which are added, a short account of the life of the author, a method of curing the hydrocele by injection, and occasional notes and observations. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: James Webster, 1819.Flamm E. S. Percivall Pott: an 18th century neurosurgeon. J. Neurosurg. 1992. Vol. 76. P. 319‒326. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1992.76.2.0319.Flamm E. S. Percivall Pott: an 18th century neurosurgeon. J. Neurosurg. 1992. Vol. 76. P. 319‒326. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1992.76.2.0319.Ganz J. C. Head injuries in the 18th century: the management of the damaged brain. Neurosurgery. 2013. Vol. 73. P. 167‒176. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000429851.45073.a8.Ganz J. C. Head injuries in the 18th century: the management of the damaged brain. Neurosurgery. 2013. Vol. 73. P. 167‒176. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000429851.45073.a8.Goodrich J. T. How to get and out of the skull: From tumi to ‘hammer and chisel’ to the Gigli saw and the osteoplastic flap. Neurosurg. Focus. 2014. Vol. 36. P. E6.Goodrich J. T. How to get and out of the skull: From tumi to ‘hammer and chisel’ to the Gigli saw and the osteoplastic flap. Neurosurg. Focus. 2014. Vol. 36. P. E6.Gross C. A hole in the head: more tales in the history of neuroscience. The MIT Press, Cambridge Massachussetts, 2009. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/7759.001.0001.Gross C. A hole in the head: more tales in the history of neuroscience. The MIT Press, Cambridge Massachussetts, 2009. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/7759.001.0001.Kirkup J. R. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. Introduction. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl. 1981. Vol. 63. P. 279‒83.Kirkup J. R. The history and evolution of surgical instruments. Introduction. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl. 1981. Vol. 63. P. 279‒83.George Tiemann & Co. The American Armamentarium Chrurgicum. New York: George Tiemann & Co, 1879.George Tiemann & Co. The American Armamentarium Chrurgicum. New York: George Tiemann & Co, 1879.Maison Mathieu. Catalogue. Lyon, 1890.Maison Mathieu. Catalogue. Lyon, 1890.Doyen E. Traité de therapeutique chirurgicale et de technique opératoire. Paris: A. Maloine, 1909.Doyen E. Traité de therapeutique chirurgicale et de technique opératoire. Paris: A. Maloine, 1909.Naqvi N. H. The first British illustrated surgical catalogue. Vesalius. 2004. Vol. 10. P. 38‒41.Naqvi N. H. The first British illustrated surgical catalogue. Vesalius. 2004. Vol. 10. P. 38‒41.Jones C. Instruments of medical information: the raise of the medical trade catalog in Britain, 1750-1914. Technol. Cult. 2013. Vol. 545. P. 653‒599. https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2013.0114.Jones C. Instruments of medical information: the raise of the medical trade catalog in Britain, 1750-1914. Technol. Cult. 2013. Vol. 545. P. 653‒599. https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2013.0114.Wilkins R. H. Neurosurgical techniques: an overview. In: Greenblatt S.H. (ed.). A history of neurosurgery. Park Ridge (IL): American Association of Neurological Surgeons, 1997. P. 83‒96.Wilkins R. H. Neurosurgical techniques: an overview. In: Greenblatt S.H. (ed.). A history of neurosurgery. Park Ridge (IL): American Association of Neurological Surgeons, 1997. P. 83‒96.Glyantsev S. P. Brief history and description of the surgical instrument kit of the early 19th century.Hist. Med. 2014. Vol. 1. P. 148‒53. https://doi.org/10.17720/2409-5834.v1.1.2014.16g. EDN: YVCZZR.Glyantsev S. P. Brief history and description of the surgical instrument kit of the early 19th century.Hist. Med. 2014. Vol. 1. P. 148‒53. https://doi.org/10.17720/2409-5834.v1.1.2014.16g. EDN: YVCZZR.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.