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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">grekov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4625</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, FSBEI HE I.P.Pavlov SPbSMU MOH Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/0042-4625-2025-184-4-86-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">grekov-2528</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кривая обучения робот-ассистированной хирургии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Learning curve of robot-assisted surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4657-6625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Урманцев</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urmantsev</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Урманцев Марат Фаязович, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры урологии и доцент кафедры онкологии, зав. онкологическим отделением клиники</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Urmantsev Marat F., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Urology, Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology, Head of the Oncology Department of the Clinic</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">urmantsev85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3818-5252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Папоян</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Papoyan</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Папоян Анушаван Оганесович, врач-уролог, зав. урологическим отделением клиники</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Papoyan Anushavan O., Urologist, Head of the Urology Department of the Clinic</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anara_74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1273-9430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Билялов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bilyalov</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Билялов Азат Ринатович, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, начальник управления информационных технологий</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bilyalov Azat R., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Information Technology Department</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azat.bilyalov@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2435-8141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авзалетдинов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avzaletdinov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авзалетдинов Артур Марсович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры госпитальной и сердечно-сосудистой хирургии, зав. отделением торакальной хирургии, торакальный хирург, онколог клиники</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Avzaletdinov Artur M., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Hospital and Cardiovascular Surgery, Head of the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoracic Surgeon, Oncologist of the Clinic</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avzaletdinov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6533-8401</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефремова Ольга Анатольевна, кандидат медицинских наук, зам. главного врача по медицинской части клиники</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Efremova Olga A., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Chief Physician for Medical Work of the Clinic</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e-oa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0804-0373</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусакаева</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musakaeva</surname><given-names>K. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусакаева Камила Ринатовна, врачторакальный хирург, ассистент кафедры госпитальной и сердечно-сосудистой хирургии клиники</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Musakaeva Kamila R., Thoracic Surgeon, Assistant of the Department of Hospital and Cardiovascular Surgery at the Clinic</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">millka321@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3818-5252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денейко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deneyko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денейко Антон Сергеевич, врач-уролог урологического отделения клиники</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Deneyko Anton S., Urologist of the Urology Department of the Clinic</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonden45@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0062-8160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашапова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashapova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кашапова Алина Радиковна, врач – колопроктолог</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kashapova Alina R., Coloproctologist</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kashapova-alina9@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-4897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлов Валентин Николаевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, ректор</p><p>450008, Республика Башкортостан, г. Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavlov Valentin N., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the RAS, Rector</p><p>3, Lenin str., Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavlov@bashgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>184</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Урманцев М.Ф., Папоян А.О., Билялов А.Р., Авзалетдинов А.М., Ефремова О.А., Мусакаева К.Р., Денейко А.С., Кашапова А.Р., Павлов В.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Урманцев М.Ф., Папоян А.О., Билялов А.Р., Авзалетдинов А.М., Ефремова О.А., Мусакаева К.Р., Денейко А.С., Кашапова А.Р., Павлов В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Urmantsev M.F., Papoyan A.O., Bilyalov A.R., Avzaletdinov A.M., Efremova O.A., Musakaeva K.R., Deneyko A.S., Kashapova A.R., Pavlov V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2528">https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2528</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Кривая обучения – это период, во время которого происходит совершенствование хирургических навыков благодаря различным тренировочным и образовательным методикам. Продолжительность кривой обучения характеризуется минимальным числом выполненных операций, необходимым для выхода на плато удовлетворительных результатов. Быстрота и широкое распространение малоинвазивных технологий в различных разделах хирургии обусловливают необходимость детального изучения кривых обучения. Процесс освоения новых хирургических методик важно изучать, поскольку он связан с возможными осложнениями при выполнении оперативных вмешательств. По мере увеличения числа проведения оперативных вмешательств с использованием робот-ассистированных технологий возросла и важность оценки хирургических навыков. Важно неоднократно оценивать хирургические навыки каждого хирурга, который выполняет робот-ассистированные оперативные вмешательства, чтобы определить текущую позицию этого хирурга на кривой обучения.</p><p>ЦЕЛЬ – провести систематический обзор литературы, посвященной анализу кривой обучения при робот-ассистированных оперативных вмешательствах.</p></sec><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ. Произведен систематический обзор доступных научных статей по данной теме. При поиске необходимых статей для проведения литературного обзора по данной тематике были использованы такие платформы, как PubMed, eLibrary, Научная библиотека БГМУ, CyberLeninka и др.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. За период с 2014 г. по 2024 г. при проведении литературного обзора было изучено 56 статей, из которых 50 статей иностранных авторов и 6 статей русских авторов. Оценивались такие параметры, как время операции, объем кровопотери, продолжительность стационарного периода, частота осложнений, а также темпы восстановления пациентов после оперативного вмешательства и качество жизни пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Несмотря на значительный прогресс, остается ряд нерешенных вопросов, таких как стандартизация параметров кривой обучения и разработка унифицированных подходов к оценке хирургических навыков. Внедрение тренировочных программ, использование симуляторов и наставничество являются ключевыми факторами, способствующими сокращению кривой обучения и улучшению результатов лечения пациентов. Будущие исследования должны быть направлены на разработку стандартизированных протоколов обучения и внедрение новых технологий, таких как искусственный интеллект, для объективной оценки хирургических навыков.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The learning curve is a period, during which surgical skills are improved through various training and educational techniques. The duration of the learning curve is characterized by the minimum number of completed operations necessary to reach a plateau of satisfactory results. The speed and widespread use of minimally invasive technologies in various sections of surgery necessitate a detailed study of learning curves. It is important to study the process of mastering new surgical techniques, since it is associated with possible complications during surgical interventions. As the number of surgical interventions using robot-assisted technologies has increased, the importance of evaluating surgical skills has also increased. It is important to repeatedly evaluate the surgical skills of each surgeon who performs robot-assisted surgery to determine that surgeon’s current position on the learning curve.</p><p>The OBJECTIVE was to conduct a systematic review of the literature devoted to the analysis of the learning curve in robot-assisted surgical interventions.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS AND MATERIALS</title><p>METHODS AND MATERIALS. A systematic review of available scientific articles on this topic has been carried out. When searching for the necessary articles to conduct a literary review on this topic, such platforms as PubMed, Elibrary, BSMU Scientific Library, Cyber Leninka, etc. were used.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. During the period from 2014 to 2024, 56 articles were studied during the literary review, of which 50 articles by foreign authors and 6 articles by Russian authors. Parameters such as the time of surgery, the amount of blood loss, the duration of the inpatient period, the frequency of complications, as well as the rate of recovery of patients after surgery and the quality of life of patients were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Despite significant progress, a number of unresolved issues remain, such as the standardization of learning curve parameters and the development of unified approaches to assessing surgical skills. The introduction of training programs, the use of simulators, and mentoring are key factors contributing to reducing the learning curve and improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on the development of standardized training protocols and the introduction of new technologies such as artificial intelligence to objectively evaluate surgical skills.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кривая обучения</kwd><kwd>робот-ассистированная хирургия</kwd><kwd>систематический обзор данных</kwd><kwd>хирургия</kwd><kwd>плато результатов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>learning curve</kwd><kwd>robot-assisted surgery</kwd><kwd>systematic review of data</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd><kwd>plateau of results</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Унгурян В. М., Круглов Е. А., Побединцева Ю. А. Кривые обучения в минимально инвазивной онкохирургии. Эндоскопическая хирургия. 2020. Т. 26, № 4. С. 54–58. https://doi.org/10.17116/endoskop20202604154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Unguryan V. 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