grekovВестник хирургии имени И.И. ГрековаGrekov's Bulletin of Surgery0042-46252686-7370Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, FSBEI HE I.P.Pavlov SPbSMU MOH Russia10.24884/0042-4625-2025-184-5-102-109grekov-2576Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПослеожоговые гипертроические и келоидные рубцы: современное понимание проблемы и подходы к лечениюPost-burn hypertrophic and keloid scars: current understanding of the problem and approaches to treatmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-4572БрагинаС. В.BraginaS. V.

Брагина Светлана Валентиновна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой травматологии, ортопедии и военной хирургии

Архангельск

Bragina Svetlana V., Cand. of Sci.(Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery

Arkhangelsk

svetabragina69@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-6954-5362КолбасенкоА. С.KolbasenkoA. S.

Колбасенко Александра Сергеевна, студентка 6 курса лечебного факультета

Архангельск

Kolbasenko Aleksandra S., 6th year Student of the Faculty of Medicine

Arkhangelsk

kolbasenko.01@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-8626-556XНемановаС. А.NemanovaS. A.

Неманова Софья Алексеевна, студентка 6 курса лечебного факультета

Архангельск

Nemanova Sofya A., 6th year Student of the Faculty of Medicine

Arkhangelsk

nemanova.sofya@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-8340ДиденкоГ. В.DidenkoG. V.

Диденко Георгий Витальевич, студент 6 курса лечебного факультета

Архангельск

Didenko Georgij V., 6th year Student of the Faculty of Medicine

Arkhangelsk

didenko.georgij@yandex.ruСеверный государственный медицинский университетРоссияNorthern State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2025241220251845102109Copyright © Брагина С.В., Колбасенко А.С., Неманова С.А., Диденко Г.В., 20252025Брагина С.В., Колбасенко А.С., Неманова С.А., Диденко Г.В.Bragina S.V., Kolbasenko A.S., Nemanova S.A., Didenko G.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2576

Несмотря на уменьшение смертности при лечении пациентов с ожоговой травмой, даже при большой площади поражения тканей, у значительной части пострадавших (от 30 % до 91 %) остаются последствия в виде патологических рубцов с формированием контрактур суставов, зудом и болью, а также с изменениями психосоматического статуса. Выполнен обзор отечественной и зарубежной литературы с целью изучения современных подходов и тенденций к лечению патологического рубцевания послеожоговых ран. Рассмотрены вопросы эпидемиологии, патогенетических реакций при формировании патологических рубцов, современные методы терапии: плазменная радиочастотная абляция, лазерная терапия и микропилинг, медикаментозные, физиотерапевтические и хирургические методы лечения. Представлены шкалы и опросники для оценки рубцовых деформаций, состояния пациента и динамики лечения. Дальнейшее развитие профилактики и лечения патологических послеожоговых рубцов прогнозируется по пути углубления понимания происходящих молекулярных механизмов в процессе рубцевания, качественно спланированных и проведенных исследований для подтверждения эффективности лечения.

Despite the reduction of mortality in the treatment of patients with burn injury, even with a large area of tissue damage, a significant proportion of victims (from 30 % to 91 %) still have consequences in the form of pathologic scarring with the formation of joint contractures, itching and pain, as well as changes in psychosomatic status. A review of domestic and foreign literature was conducted to study modern approaches and trends in the treatment of pathologic scarring of post-burn wounds. The questions of epidemiology, pathogenetic reactions in the formation of pathologic scars, various approaches to therapy, including modern methods such as: plasma radiofrequency ablation, laser therapy and micropiling, medication, physiotherapeutic and surgical methods of treatment were considered. Scales and questionnaires for assessing the scar process, the patient’s condition and the effectiveness of treatment dynamics were exemplified. Further development of prevention and treatment of pathologic post-burn scars is considered on the way of deepening the understanding of the occurring molecular mechanisms in the scarring process, qualitatively planned and conducted studies to confirm the effectiveness of treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.