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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">grekov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4625</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, FSBEI HE I.P.Pavlov SPbSMU MOH Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/0042-4625-2026-185-2-106-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">grekov-2616</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выбор метода формирования превентивной кишечной стомы при низкой передней резекции прямой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Choosing a method for forming preventive intestinal stoma in low anterior rectal resection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0844-138X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головина Елена Игоревна, врач-онколог отделения абдоминальной онкологии</p><p>295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, ул. Беспалова, д. 49а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Golovinа Elena I., Oncologist of the Department of Abdominal Oncology</p><p>49a, Bespalova str., Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.elena.igorevna@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7272-1876</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олексенко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oleksenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олексенко Виктор Валентинович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой онкологии; врач-онколог отделения абдоминальной онкологии</p><p>295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, ул. Беспалова, д. 49а</p><p>295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, проспект Академика Вернадского, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleksenko Viktor V., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology;Oncologist of the Department of Abdominal Oncology</p><p>49a, Bespalova str., Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007</p><p>4, Akademika Vernadskogo Avenue, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">viktor_oleksenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-7665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сеферов</surname><given-names>Б. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seferov</surname><given-names>B. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сеферов Бекир Джелялович, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры онкологии; главный врач</p><p>295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, ул. Беспалова, д. 49а</p><p>295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, проспект Академика Вернадского, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Seferov Bekir D., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology; Chief Physician</p><p>49a, Bespalova str., Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007</p><p>4, Akademika Vernadskogo Avenue, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5595-3832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефетов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efetov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефетов Сергей Владимирович, кандидат медицинских наук, зав. отделением абдоминальной онкологии</p><p>295007, Республика Крым, г. Симферополь, ул. Беспалова, д. 49а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Efetov Sergei V., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Abdominal Oncology</p><p>49a, Bespalova str., Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295007</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Крымский республиканский онкологический клинический диспансер имени В. М. Ефетова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Crimean Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after V. M. Yefetov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Крымский республиканский онкологический клинический диспансер имени В. М. Ефетова; Крымский федеральный университет имени В. И. Вернадского, Медицинский институт имени С. И. Георгиевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Crimean Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary named after V. M. Yefetov; V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. S. I. Georgievsky Medical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>185</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Головина Е.И., Олексенко В.В., Сеферов Б.Д., Ефетов С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Головина Е.И., Олексенко В.В., Сеферов Б.Д., Ефетов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golovina E.I., Oleksenko V.V., Seferov B.D., Efetov S.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2616">https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2616</self-uri><abstract><p>Основной метод лечения рака прямой кишки – хирургический, подразумевающий резекцию прямой кишки с формированием первичного или отсроченного колоректального анастомоза, или экстирпацию прямой кишки. Наиболее опасным осложнением резекции прямой кишки с формированием первичного анастомоза является его несостоятельность. Один из вариантов снижения частоты несостоятельности – формирование превентивной кишечной стомы: илеостомы или колостомы. На сегодняшний день нет единой точки зрения относительно оптимального варианта формирования превентивной стомы. В данной работе проанализировано 12 отечественных и зарубежных исследований по данной теме за последние 5 лет. Выявлено, что все имеющиеся по изучаемому вопросу данные противоречивы и трактовать их однозначно нельзя. Одни авторы указывают на преимущество формирования илеостомы, аргументируя этот выбор меньшим числом гнойно-септических осложнений, перистомальных грыж и наличием современного арсенала для борьбы с перистомальными дерматитами, обезвоживанием и почечной недостаточностью, другие авторы акцентируют внимание на серьезности нарушений водно-электролитного баланса, что является неизбежной составляющей послеоперационных осложнений при илеостомии. В некоторых исследованиях показано явное преимущество формирования трансверзостомы в виде меньшего числа послеоперационных осложнений по сравнению с илеостомой, а в части исследований различий не найдено. Настолько противоречивые результаты демонстрируют актуальность проблемы и важность дальнейших исследований для определения оптимального варианта формирования превентивной стомы при выполнении низкой передней резекции прямой кишки для достижения удовлетворительного результата хирургического лечения больных раком прямой кишки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The mainstay of rectal cancer treatment is surgery, which includes rectal resection with the creation of a primary or delayed colorectal anastomosis or rectal extirpation. The most severe complication of rectal resection with primary anastomosis is its failure. One of the approaches to reducing the rate of anastomotic failure is the formation of a preventive intestinal stoma, such as an ileostomy or colostomy. To date, there is no consensus on the optimal type of preventive stoma. This study analyzed 12 national and international studies published over the past 5 years. It was found that the existing data on this issue are contradictory and cannot be interpreted unambiguously. Some authors point to the advantages of ileostomy, justifying this choice by a lower incidence of purulent-septic complications, parastomal hernias, and the availability of modern tools for managing peristomal dermatitis, dehydration, and renal insufficiency. Other authors emphasize the significant disruptions in water-electrolyte balance, an inevitable component of postoperative complications associated with ileostomy. Certain studies highlight the clear advantages of transverse colostomy in terms of fewer postoperative complications compared to ileostomy, while others find no differences. These contradictory findings underscore the relevance of this issue and the importance of further research to determine the optimal type of preventive stoma for low anterior rectal resection to achieve satisfactory outcomes in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>илеостома</kwd><kwd>трансверзостома</kwd><kwd>низкая передняя резекция прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>несостоятельность анастомоза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>ileostomy</kwd><kwd>transverse colostomy</kwd><kwd>low anterior rectal resection</kwd><kwd>anastomotic failure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warschkow R., Steffen T., Thierbach J. et al. Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage after Rectal Cancer Resection and Reconstruction with Colorectostomy. 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