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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">grekov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-4625</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russion Federation, FSBEI HE I.P.Pavlov SPbSMU MOH Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/0042-4625-2025-184-6-21-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">grekov-2730</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПЫТ РАБОТЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIENCE OF WORK</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хирургическое лечение инвазивных микозов легких у онкогематологических больных после химиотерапии и трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical treatment of invasive pulmonary mycoses in oncohematological patients after chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8698-7018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акопов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akopov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акопов Андрей Леонидович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела торакальной хирургии клиники НИИ хирургии и неотложной медицины </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akopov Andrey L., Dr. of Sci. (Med), Professor, Head of the Thoracic Surgery Department, Clinic of the Research Institute of Surgery and Emergency Medicine </p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akopovand@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-9182</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишра</surname><given-names>Р. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishra</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мишра Радеж Прадипович, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-торакальный хирург онкологического отделения № 4 (торакальной хирургии) клиники НИИ хирургии и неотложной медицины197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mishra Radezh P., Cand. of Sci. (Med), Thoracic Surgeon of the Oncological Department № 4 (Thoracic Surgery), Clinic of the Research Institute of Surgery and Emergency Medicine</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mishra@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-7673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швецов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvetsov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Швецов Александр Николаевич, зав. операционным блоком, врач – детский хирург клиники НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачевой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shvetsov Aleksandr N., Head of the Operating Unit, Pediatric Surgeon of the Clinic of the Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9052557239@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8536-5495</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Марина Олеговна, кандидат медицинских наук, врач-гематолог отделения трансплантации костного мозга для взрослых клиники НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачевой, доцент кафедры гематологии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии с курсом детской онкологии ФПО им. Б. В. Афанасьева</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Popova Marina O., Cand. of Sci. (Med), Hematologist of the Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation for Adults of the Clinic of the Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, Associate Professor of the Department of Hematology, Transfusiology and Transplantology with a course of Pediatric Oncology of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education named after B. V. Afanasiev</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina.popova.spb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8270-4535</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогачева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogacheva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогачева Юлия Александровна, врач-гематолог отделения трансплантации костного мозга для взрослых клиники НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачевой</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rogacheva Yuliya A., Hematologist of the Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation for Adults of the Clinic of the Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">juli_rogacheva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8589-4618</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаев Илья Юрьевич, врач-рентгенолог отделения рентгеновской компьютерной томографии № 1 Научно-клинического центра лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolaev Ilya Yu., Radiologist of the X-ray Computed Tomography Department № 1 of the Scientific and Clinical Center for Radiation Diagnostics and Radiation Therapy</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya511@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6601-7984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заграничнов</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagranichnov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заграничнов Валентин Дмитриевич, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики отделения клинической микробиологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zagranichnov Valentin D., Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics of the Department of Clinical Microbiology </p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">deltaepsilondyson@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-7703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубаровская</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubarovskaya</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зубаровская Людмила Степановна, доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по трансплантации костного мозга НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачевой; профессор кафедры гематологии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии с курсом детской онкологии ФПО им. Б. В. Афанасьева</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zubarovskaya Lyudmila S., Dr. of Sci. (Med), Deputy Director for Bone Marrow Transplantation of the Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation; Professor of the Department of Hematology, Transfusiology and Transplantology with a course of Pediatric Oncology of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education named after B. V. Afanasiev</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zubarovskaya_ls@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-4136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulagin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулагин Александр Дмитриевич, доктор медицинских наук, проректор по научной работе, директор НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачевой, зав. кафедрой кафедры гематологии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии с курсом детской онкологии ФПО им. Б. В. Афанасьева</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kulagin Aleksandr D., Dr. of Sci. (Med), Vice-Rector for Research Work, Director of the Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, Head of the Department of Hematology, Transfusiology and Transplantology with a course of Pediatric Oncology of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education named after B. V. Afanasiev</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander.kulagin.spb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П.Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>184</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акопов А.Л., Мишра Р.П., Швецов А.Н., Попова М.О., Рогачева Ю.А., Николаев И.Ю., Заграничнов В.Д., Зубаровская Л.С., Кулагин А.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акопов А.Л., Мишра Р.П., Швецов А.Н., Попова М.О., Рогачева Ю.А., Николаев И.Ю., Заграничнов В.Д., Зубаровская Л.С., Кулагин А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akopov A.L., Mishra R.P., Shvetsov A.N., Popova M.O., Rogacheva Y.A., Nikolaev I.Y., Zagranichnov V.D., Zubarovskaya L.S., Kulagin A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2730">https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2730</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Роль хирургического лечения инвазивных микозов (ИМ) легких после трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ТГСК) и противоопухолевой химиотерапии (ПХТ) у больных онкогематологического профиля не определена. В научной медицинской литературе есть только единичные публикации на эту тему, представленные результаты противоречивы, руководствоваться ими в принятии решений сложно.</p></sec><sec><title>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ</title><p>МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ. Проведен ретроспективный анализ непосредственных и отдаленных результатов лечения больных, перенесших ПХТ и/или ТГСК, которым с 2013 г. проведены резекции легких по поводу инвазивного микоза. Показаниями к операции были отсутствие положительной динамики или прогрессирующие воспалительные изменения в легких несмотря на адекватную противогрибковую терапию.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. В исследование включены 13 больных, дети (n=3) и взрослые (n=10), мужчин – 11, медиана возраста составила 25 лет (от 10 до 64 лет). Диагнозы: острый лейкоз – у 4 больных (31 %), хронические миелопролиферативные заболевания – у 4 (31 %), апластическая анемия – у 3 (23 %) и лимфома – у 2 больных (15 %). В 11 наблюдениях (85 %) ИМ развился у пациентов после аллогенной ТГСК (алло-ТГСК), еще в 2 (15 %) – при проведении ПХТ с медианой времени развития 96 суток после начала лечения (от 20 до 510 суток). у 46 % больных (n=6) наблюдалась нейтропения, количество тромбоцитов в крови было ниже 50х109 /л у 10 пациентов (77 %). Двусторонние изменения в легких имели место в 54 % наблюдений (n=7), односторонние – в 46 % (n=6). Произведено 5 пневмонэктомий, 4 нижние лобэктомии, 2 верхние билобэктомии, 2 атипичные резекции легкого, 1 верхняя лобэктомия; у 2 больных из 13 (15 %) выполнена резекция грудной стенки. В раннем послеоперационном периоде умер 1 больной (7,7 %). 8 пациентов (61,5 %) излечились от ИМ легких с медианой наблюдения 118 дней (от 42 до 900 дней).</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Хирургическое лечение ИМ у данной группы пациентов возможно при условии устранения, а чаще – уменьшения выраженности факторов риска (компенсация сопутствующих состояний, отмена противоопухолевой химиотерапии, гемотрансфузии эритроцитарной массы, тромбоцитов). При корректном отборе гематологических больных с ИМ легких непосредственные результаты хирургического лечения можно считать благоприятными.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The role of surgical treatment of invasive mycoses (IM) of the lungs after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and antitumor chemotherapy (ACT) in patients with oncohematological profile has not been determined. There are only isolated publications on this topic in the scientific medical literature, the presented results are contradictory, and it is difficult to use them to make decisions.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. A retrospective analysis of immediate and long-term treatment results was conducted for patients who underwent ACT and/or HSCT and underwent lung resections for invasive mycosis since 2013. The indications for surgery were the absence of positive dynamics or progressive inflammatory changes in the lungs despite adequate antifungal therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The study included 13 patients, children (n=3) and adults (n=10), 11 males, with a median age of 25 years (ranging from 10 to 64 years). Diagnoses: acute leukemia in 4 patients (31 %), chronic myeloproliferative diseases in 4 patients (31 %), aplastic anemia in 3 patients (23 %), and lymphoma in 2 patients (15 %). In 11 cases (85 %), IM developed in patients after allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT), and in 2 cases (15 %) during ACT, with a median development time of 96 days after treatment initiation (ranging from 20 to 510 days). Neutropenia was observed in 46 % of patients (n=6), and platelet counts below 50х109/L in 10 patients (77 %). Bilateral lung changes were present in 54 % of cases (n=7), unilateral lung changes in 46 % of cases (n=6). 5 pneumonectomies, 4 lower lobectomies, 2 upper bilobectomies, 2 atypical lung resections, and 1 upper lobectomy were performed; 2 out of 13 patients (15 %) underwent chest wall resection. One patient died in the early postoperative period (7.7 %). Eight patients (61.5 %) recovered from pulmonary IM with a median follow-up of 118 days (ranging from 42 to 900 days).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Surgical treatment of IM in this patient group is possible provided that risk factors are eliminated or, more commonly, their severity is reduced (compensation of concomitant conditions, discontinuation of antitumor chemotherapy, transfusions of erythrocyte mass, and platelets). With proper selection of hematological patients with pulmonary IM, the immediate results of surgical treatment can be considered favorable.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инвазивные микозы легких</kwd><kwd>мукормикоз</kwd><kwd>инвазивный аспергиллез</kwd><kwd>онкогематология</kwd><kwd>резекции легких</kwd><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>противоопухолевая химиотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>invasive pulmonary mycoses</kwd><kwd>mucormycosis</kwd><kwd>invasive aspergillosis</kwd><kwd>oncohematology</kwd><kwd>lung resections</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>antitumor chemotherapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Valentine J. C., Morrissey C. O., Tacey M. A. et al. 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