An article presents the results of application of mediatinoscopy in extirpation of the esophagus and cardiac orifice. The comparative assessment was made in group of patients who underwent the standard surgery. An application of mediastinoscopy for excretion and extirpation of the esophagus allowed doctors to cut down the duration of intervention on 40,15%. The volume of intraoperative loss of blood was reduced on 45,52% and the rate of intraoperative complications decreased on more than 45% compared with standard surgery. There was noted the reduction of the rate of postoperative complications more than 30% and the course of postoperative period was smooth. These factors shortened hospital stay and time the patients should be in resuscitation department.