Diagnostic significance of blebbing formation of cytoplasmic membranes in lymphocytes and neutrophils in assessing the clinical condition in diabetic foot syndrome

The OBJECTIVE was to study the nature of blebbing formation of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with diabetic foot syndrome, the effect of treatment on this process.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The data of treatment of patients of the Department of Purulent Surgery of the City Clinical Hospital No 6, Izhevsk, 2019–2020 (clinic of the Department of General Surgery of Izhevsk State Medical Academy) were analyzed. 2 groups of patients with diabetic foot syndrome n1 (Meggit – Wagner 1–2) and n2 (Meggit – Wagner 0) were formed. The blebbing formation of neutrophils and lymphocytes, parameters of integral leukocyte indices, data of the scale of the general assessment of neuropathy and the Michigan screening test, indices of planimetry of ulcerative defects were studied.

RESULTS. It was revealed that the blebbing formation of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the studied groups was different, which was reflected in a decrease in these indices in the n1 group and an increase in the n2 group. Integral indices revealed a decrease in immunoreactivity and nonspecific reactivity. In the dynamics of treatment, there was an improvement in the data of the scale of general neuropathy and the Michigan screening test.

CONCLUSION. The studied indices of blebbing formation correspond to the indices of the leukocyte integral indices, the diagnostic scales for neuropathy, reflect the severity of the wound process. The study of blebbing provides objective data on the dynamics of the immune status of patients with diabetic foot syndrome, which allows improving treatment results.

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