Risk factors for seroma following hernioplasty of ventral hernias
I. T. Ahmadullov,
E. A. Toneev,
R. F. Shagdaleev,
N. D. Krymzalova,
D. V. Glumnushina,
A. I. Shagayeva https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2026-185-2-23-30
Abstract
The OBJECTIVE was to estimate the incidence and risk factors of seroma following hernioplasty of ventral hernias and to present a clinically applicable prognostic model (nomogram).
METHODS AND MATERIALS. From 01, Feb 2024 to 01, May 2025, 214 hernioplasties of ventral hernias were per formed at the State Healthcare Institution Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Center for Specialized types of Medical Care named after E.M. Chuchkalov at the Surgical Department № 5 inUlyanovsk. We identified statistically significant variables associated with postoperative fluid accumulation at the mesh implantation site.
RESULTS. In multivariable logistic regression, independent risk factors were coronary artery disease (OR 5.57; 95 % CI 1.98–15.64; p<0.001), preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (per 1 unit: OR 1.46; 95 % CI 1.19–1.79; p<0.001), and hernia defect diameter (per 1 cm: OR 1.15; 95 % CI 1.06–1.25; p<0.001). The integrated model showed good discrimination: AUC 0.87 (95 % CI 0.78–0.97), sensitivity 82.6%, specificity 81.7%. Median length of hospital stay was longer with seroma – 16 [14–20] vs 6 [4–9] days (p<0.001). Using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine-learning techniques, we developed a nomogram to predict this complication after hernioplasty.
CONCLUSION. Seroma occurred in 10.7 % (23/214). Independent predictors after hernioplasty of ventral hernias were coronary artery disease, higher preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and larger hernia defect diameter. The prognostic model and nomogram were developed to estimate individual risk.
Keywords
Supporting agencies: The work was carried out in accordance with the research plan of the T. Z. Biktimirov Medical Faculty, Institute of Medicine, Ecology, and Physical Culture, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education (FSBEI HPE) Ulyanovsk State University (Ulyanovsk, Russia). The authors did not receive financial support from any pharmaceutical companies.
About the Authors
I. T. Ahmadullov
Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Center for Specialized types of Medical Care
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Ahmadullov Ilnur T., Surgeon of the Surgical Department № 5
28, Koryukina str., Ulyanovsk, 432011
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
E. A. Toneev
Ulyanovsk State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Toneev Evgeny A., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Surgery, Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Urology, Traumatology and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine named after T. Z. Biktimirov, Institute of Medicine, Ecology and Physical Culture
42, L’va Tolstogo str., Ulyanovsk, 432017
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
R. F. Shagdaleev
Ulyanovsk State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Shagdaleev Roman F., Assistant of the Department of Hospital Surgery, Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Urology, Traumatology and Orthopedics, Faculty of Postgraduate Medical and Pharmaceutical Education, Institute of Medicine, Ecology and Physical Culture
42, L’va Tolstogo str., Ulyanovsk, 432017
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
N. D. Krymzalova
Ulyanovsk State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Krymzalova Natalia D., 6th year Student, Faculty of Medicine named after T. Z. Biktimirov, Institute of Medicine, Ecology and Physical Culture
42, L’va Tolstogo str., Ulyanovsk, 432017
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
D. V. Glumnushina
Ulyanovsk State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Glumnushina Daria V., 6th year Student, Faculty of Medicine named after T. Z. Biktimirov, Institute of Medicine, Ecology and Physical Culture
42, L’va Tolstogo str., Ulyanovsk, 432017
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
A. I. Shagayeva
Ulyanovsk State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Shagayeva Anisiya I., 4th year Student, Faculty of Medicine named after T. Z. Biktimirov, Institute of Medicine, Ecology and Physical Culture
42, L’va Tolstogo str., Ulyanovsk, 432017
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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For citations:
Ahmadullov I.T., Toneev E.A., Shagdaleev R.F., Krymzalova N.D., Glumnushina D.V., Shagayeva A.I. Risk factors for seroma following hernioplasty of ventral hernias. Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery. 2026;185(2):23-30. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2026-185-2-23-30
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