Primary esophageal melanoma: features of diagnosis and treatment
https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2022-181-6-93-97
Abstract
Primary esophageal melanoma is a rare and extremely aggressive malignant neoplasm originating from mucosal melanocytes. The complex histological structure of the tumor, which in 10–25 % of cases may not contain melanin characteristic of these formations, leads to a high frequency of diagnostic errors, reaching 50 %. Immunohistochemical examination is the standard for diagnosing the disease. Primary esophageal melanoma is a tumor with a high potential for hematogenous and lymphogenous metastasis. So, when the tumor spreads to the submucosa, the frequency of locoregional metastasis reaches 54 %. Radical surgery in combination with adjuvant methods of treatment improves the results of treatment in this category of patients. Immunotherapy is a promising method of complex treatment, but requires further study.
About the Authors
B. V. Sigua
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Sigua Badri V., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after I. I. Grekov, Head of the Clinical Oncology Center
Saint Petersburg
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
S. Yu. Rakita
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Rakita Sergey Yu., Clinical Resident of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after I. I. Grekov
Saint Petersburg
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
A. S. Kachiuri
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Kachiuri Andrei S., Surgeon, Oncologist of the Surgical Department № 2 of the Peter the Great Hospital
Saint Petersburg
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
D. V. Gurzhy
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Surgical Department No. 2 of the Peter the Great Hospital
Saint Petersburg
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
A. V. Belyaeva
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Belyaeva Anna V., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Oncology Department of Anticancer Drug Therapy, Clinical Oncology Center
Saint Petersburg
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
V. P. Zemlyanoy
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav P., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Faculty Surgery named after I. I. Grekov, Dean of the Faculty of Surgery
Saint Petersburg
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
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For citations:
Sigua B.V., Rakita S.Yu., Kachiuri A.S., Gurzhy D.V., Belyaeva A.V., Zemlyanoy V.P. Primary esophageal melanoma: features of diagnosis and treatment. Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery. 2022;181(6):93-97. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2022-181-6-93-97
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