Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction: basic aspects of pathogenesis and approaches to surgical treatment
https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2022-181-6-83-92
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of mortality of the adult population. The most mortality of all forms of ischemic heart disease is occurred with development of myocardial infarction. Meanwhile, the direct cause of death are complications of myocardial infarction. Since the advent of catheter-based and surgical reperfusion, there has been a significant decrease in the frequency of these complications. However, patients with large myocardial infarctions or those who do not receive necessary revascularization in time remain at risk of mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. The most common mechanical complications are rupture of the papillary muscles of the mitral valve and acute mitral regurgitation, interventricular septal defect, forming of aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms, and free-wall rupture. Although these complications are rare, their prognosis is unfavourable and is associated with high mortality at the prehospital and hospital stage. Early diagnosis, determination of optimal treatment tactics are crucial for increasing the survival rate of patients.
About the Authors
L. D. Shengelia
A. N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Shengelia Lasha D., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Cardiovascular Surgeon, Research Fellow
Moscow
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
Z. F. Fatulaev
A. N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Fatulaev Zamik F., Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Cardiovascular Surgeon, Leading Research Fellow of the Department of Surgical Treatment of Interactive Pathology
Moscow
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
S. A. Donakanyan
A. N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Donakanyan Sergey A., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of the Surgical Department of Interactive Pathology
Moscow
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
M. O. Konshina
A. N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Konshina Maria O., Clinical Resident in the specialty «Cardiology»
Moscow
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
Z. G. Panagov
A. N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Panagov Zalim G., Postgraduate Student
Moscow
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
L. A. Bockeria
A. N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Bockeria Leo A., Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Moscow
Competing Interests:
The authors declare no conflict of interest
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Shengelia L.D., Fatulaev Z.F., Donakanyan S.A., Konshina M.O., Panagov Z.G., Bockeria L.A. Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction: basic aspects of pathogenesis and approaches to surgical treatment. Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery. 2022;181(6):83-92. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2022-181-6-83-92
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