An outstanding surgeon and scientist, a talented teacher, one of the pioneers of world cardiac surgery, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1964), laureate of the USSR State Prize (1988), Colonel of the Medical Service, Doctor of Medical  Sciences, Professor Vasily Ivanovich Kolesov was born on September 24, 1904 in the village Martyanovskaya (now Ust-Kubinsky district) Vologda province. In 1931, he graduated from the 2nd Leningrad Medical Institute and worked as a therapist in the village of Chusovoy, Perm Region. From 1934 to 1938, he taught at the Department of Faculty Surgery of the Perm Medical Institute, where he prepared his Ph.D. thesis, which he defended at the Leningrad State Institute for Advanced Medical Training in 1938 and moved to Leningrad. In 1953–1955, V. I. Kolesov headed the Department of General Surgery, and in 1955–1976 – Department and Clinic of Faculty Surgery of the 1^st Leningrad Medical Institute named after Academician I. P. Pavlov. On February 25, 1964, for the first time in the world, Vasily Ivanovich sewed the distal end of the transected mammary artery into the end of the circumflex artery of the heart in a seriously ill man without coronary artery perfusion. At the end of the 1960s, V. I. Kolesov began performing anastomoses using  the ASC-4 vascular stapling device, as well as devices designed by his son, E. V. Kolesov (ASC-UV and ASC-VAK), which significantly reduced the time of formation of a vascular anastomosis on a beating heart. On February 5, 1968, V. I. Kolesov for the first time operated on a patient 7 hours after her ECG registered myocardial infarction, and on May 17 of the same year, he restored the blood supply to the heart of a patient with unstable angina, proving for the first  time in the world the possibility of surgically preventing the development of myocardial infarction. V. I. Kolesov published about 200 scientific papers, including 8 monographs on general, thoracic and cardiac surgery. Vasily Ivanovich and Evgeny Vasilyevich Kolesov were the authors of more than ten global and domestic priorities. V. I. Kolesov was awarded two Orders of the Patriotic War, I and II degrees, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, medals «For the Defense of Leningrad», «For Military Merit», «For Victory over Germany», as well as many honorary insignia. Professor Vasily Ivanovich Kolesov died on August 2, 1992 and was buried at the Bogoslovskoye cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

The OBJECTIVE was to improve the quality of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment of refractory ulcers of the rectum. METHODS AND MATERIALS. We analyzed clinical and biochemical parameters in 39 patients with previously diagnosed solitary ulcers of the rectum. It was proved that in 18 patients, ulceration in the rectum was caused by an autoimmune process, according to the type of Crohn’s disease. The obtained data made it possible to substantiate and apply a new method of treating rectal ulcers – local bone marrow stem cell transplantation. RESULTS. All patients had pain, stool returned to normal, and ulcerative defects were noted to heal. CONCLUSION. Bone marrow stem cell transplantation differs fundamentally in its mechanism of action from known methods of treating rectal ulcers. The method has shown high efficiency and a good safety profile.

The OBJECTIVE was to assess the proposed treatment method for patients with acute pancreatitis in the 1 A phase of the disease’s development.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. The data from the treatment of patients in the surgical departments of the City Clinical Hospital ¹ 6 in Izhevsk (Clinic of the Department of General Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy) were ana lyzed. Two groups of patients with acute pancreatitis in the 1A phase of the disease development were formed. In the observation group, in addition to the basic treatment, autoplasmic thrombocyte concentrate was administered into the round ligament of the liver. The dynamics of the process and treatment outcomes were assessed based on the criteria scale of primary express assessment of acute pancreatitis severity by the St. Petersburg Research Institute named after I. I. Dzhanelidze (2006), leukocyte index of intoxication by V. K. Ostrovsky (2018), and the J. Ranson scale (1974).

RESULTS. The use of autoplasmic thrombocyte concentrate in the observation group allows reducing the number of minimally invasive interventions to 17.7 %, or by 42.1 %, and the number of laparotomies to 5, or by 54.5 %, compared to the comparison group, avoiding fatal outcomes.

CONCLUSION. The use of autoplasmic thrombocyte concentrate in the comprehensive treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis in the 1 A phase of development and its targeted delivery through the round ligament of the liver allows preventing lethality, reducing the number of complications of acute pancreatitis requiring surgical intervention.

THE OBJECTIVE was to evaluate the immediate results of open reconstructive operations for renal artery aneurysm.

METHODS AND MATERIALS . From March 2019 to September 2023, 55 patients with visceral artery aneurysms were operated at the Department of Vascular Surgery at the Pavlov University. 4 patients with renal artery aneurysms were operated on by open surgical method and 5 patients underwent endovascular operation. There are two clinical cases of open reconstruction of renal artery aneurysm in situ and one ex vivo. In all cases, the indication for the operation was the presence of a symptomatic aneurysm. For in situ reconstructions, a retroperitoneal thoracophrenopararectal access to the tenth intercostal space on the left side with the opening of the left pleural cavity and partial diaphragmatic cavity and a transverse laparotomy of «chevron» type were used. Autovena was used as a bypass. For surgery of the renal artery ex vivo laparoscopic nephrectomy with autotransplantation of the kidney was performed. In the near postoperative period, we made the assessment of the patency of the reconstruction zone using MSCT angiography, the analysis of indicators of renal function.

RESULTS . All the observations noted satisfactory near-term results – the reconstruction zone is unobstructed, indicators of renal function without negative dynamics, absence of clinical manifestations of this pathology. Long-term results   (observed for more than 4 years) were traced in one patient. During this period, normal renal function and adequate functioning of the reconstruction zone are maintained.

CONCLUSION . Open reconstructive surgery in the surgical treatment of renal artery aneurysm remains relevant due to the inability in some cases to perform its endovascular correction without high risk of ischemic damage to the parenchyma of the kidney.

The article presents the experience of using a composite mesh prosthesis for herniology Proceed (Johnson & Johnson). The technique of using this material during healing 12 patients with giant median ventral and lateral parastomal hernias is described. The article presents the immediate and long-term (over a period of five to nine years) results of treatment of patients.

INTRODUCTION. The Zenker’s diverticulum is a protrusion of the wall of the pharyngeal-esophageal junction from the area of the Killian triangle as a result of persistent spasm of the cricopharyngeal muscle. The prevalence of the disease in Russia is 3 cases per 100 thousand people, in the world 0.01–0.11 %.

METHODS AND MATERIALS . At the N. N. Burdenko Faculty Surgery Clinic of the I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University 2 patients with small diverticulum underwent endoscopic tunnel cricopharyngeal myotomy and 3 patients with large diverticulum underwent video-assisted transaxillary diverticulectomy.

RESULTS . Compared with surgical methods for the treatment of Zenker’s diverticulum endoscopic methods have a lower complication rate, but a higher recurrence rate.

CONCLUSION. Despite the introduction of new treatment methods, it is advisable to adhere to a differentiated approach to the treatment of Zenker’s diverticulum. Surgical treatment is indicated for patients with a large diverticulum in the absence of contraindications to surgery. Transluminal endoscopic methods, including cricopharyngeal tunnel myotomy, can be considered as a treatment for patients with small-sized Zenker’s diverticulum, as well as patients with large diverticulum who have concomitant diseases and contraindications to traditional surgery.

A clinical case of successful surgical treatment of a patient with a very rare esophageal liposarcoma is presented. Despite the severe early postoperative complication, tracheomediastinal fistula, a satisfactory long-term result was   achieved (4^th year of follow-up).

A clinical case of multiple complications of pancreatitis associated with intraductal pancreatic hypertension with the formation of a cyst of the head and body of the pancreas and, as a result, biliary hypertension in a 55-year-old patient is presented. A phased minimally invasive treatment of pancreatitis complications is shown using original operations developed in the clinic aimed at internal drainage of the cavity of the pancreatic cyst associated with the duct and restoration of the pancreatic duct with stricture of the terminal department. An original method of removing a foreign body and the lumen of the pancreatic duct using minimally invasive surgery is also presented.

The relevance of the problem of obesity is due to the progressive increase in morbidity worldwide and the high risk of developing pathological conditions associated with overweight. The development of cardiovascular diseases, lipid metabolism disorders, and type 2 diabetes mellitus is of the greatest importance. Among the various types of treatment for morbid obesity, bariatric surgery occupies a leading position and acquires a special role in the correction of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with excess body weight due to its greatest metabolic efficiency. A clinical case of surgical treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with obesity in a middle-aged woman with unsatisfactory glycemic control on insulin therapy is presented. Gastric bypass was performed. The early postoperative period is smooth. Four years later, the body mass index was 24.9 kg/m², the target levels of glycemia and glycated hemoglobin were achieved in the complete absence of insulin therapy.

The pedicled groin flap is an effective and adaptable method for covering wounds on the hand and distal forearm. This approach offers reliable results and is less complex and time-consuming than free-tissue transfer. Despite the common belief that the groin flap should be avoided in elderly patients due to the risk of shoulder stiffness, we found success-ful outcomes in a 93-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, and a history of bilateral hip TEP surgeries in 2009 and 2007. Immediate shoulder mobilization and ongoing physical therapy during the flap maturation and pedicle division phases were crucial in achieving these favorable results. This case report was performed in Department of plastic, reconstruction and Hand surgery, University hospital Magdeburg, Germany.  

Bile duct injuries occur in 0.4 % of elective and 0.8 % of emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomies. The risk factors for bile duct damage and the optimal timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy were studied. The emphasis is on theoretical and practical training of the surgeon as the main component of the prevention of bile duct injuries. The variant anatomy of vessels, bile ducts and important anatomical landmarks during the operation are described. During «complex cholecystectomy», «rescue strategies» are proposed and modern imaging techniques are reviewed. The concept of safe cholecystectomy is evaluated. The issues of damage classification are touched upon. Analysis of the literature showed that debate continues in the global surgical community about the correct tactics for managing these patients. There is also a problem in assessing complications and there is a lack of standardization of outcomes after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

The article discusses the current state of the problem and priorities in the treatment of chronic anal fissures according to literature data. We described consistently standard medical, surgical and other treatment methods with an assessment of their advantages and disadvantages. Based on the analysis of literature data, it is shown that fissure excision in combination with dosed form of subcutaneous sphincterotomy still remains the «gold standard» for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Taking into account the revision of the traditionally established paradigm and the emerging trends towards a multidisciplinary approach to the problem, the use of combined and minimally invasive sphincter-sparing treatment methods is justified. The use of botulinum toxin, various options for anoplasty, transcutaneous neurostimulation, laser vaporization and pneumoballoon dilatation of the anal sphincter are described. The possibilities of using autologous plasma enriched with platelet growth factors and autologous cells of adipose origin used as cell (tissue) transplantation are presented.